Multiple Intelligence

Theory of Multiple Intelligences:

• Gardner suggested (1983) that people possess a range of abilities and have different kinds of intelligence.

• He proposed  that there are eight intelligence and a possible addition of a ninth “existentialist intelligence”

• He theorized that people don't just have an intellectual capacity but have many kinds of intelligence; musical,  interpersonal, linguistic, and spatial visual. 

Types of Intelligence:

1. Linguistic intelligence: the ability to think in words and to use language to express and appreciate complex meanings.
2. Logical-mathematical intelligence: the ability to calculate, quantify, consider propositions and hypotheses, and carry out complete mathematical operations.
3. Spatial intelligence: the ability to think in three dimensions. Core capacities include mental imagery, spatial reasoning, image manipulation, graphic and artistic skills, and an active imagination
4. Musical intelligence: the capacity to discern pitch, rhythm, timbre, and tone. This intelligence enables us to recognize, create, reproduce, and reflect on music, as demonstrated by composers, conductors, musicians, vocalist, and sensitive listeners.
5. Naturalist intelligence: it designates the human ability to discriminate among living things (plants, animals) as well as sensitivity to other features of the natural world (clouds, rock configurations).
6. Bodily kinesthetic intelligence: the capacity to manipulate objects and use a variety of physical skills. This intelligence also involves a sense of timing and the perfection of skills through mind–body union.
7. Interpersonal intelligence: the ability to understand and interact effectively with others.
8. Intra-personal intelligence: the capacity to understand oneself and one’s thoughts and feelings, and to use such knowledge in planning and directing one’s life.